BPR Case Study Roy Combs Argosy University Author Note Research purpose provided for B7532 information only. Facilities Management inefficiencies advance managements global location strategy Abstract BPR (business process re-engineering) albeit Kanban mfg. strategy. Impact is on evaluation models in case relating Five S and Why’s. Regulation concerns focus on General Electric/Hughes in terms of Washing D.C., Dec. 1, 2015 – On Wednesday, Dec. 2, Agriculture Secretary Vilsack will travel to Paris, France for the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21). At the conference, Secretary Vilsack will participate in three side events where he will address the impacts of climate change. Agricultural food inventory theft pressures production security and quality controlling situation analysis, in Deming fashionable 14 edicts. Critical issues for US manufacturing output ends long winning streak, UN climate summit. UN following the money, e-commerce continues to gain share at brick and mortar expense, U.S. cargo thieves heist beef, nuts inventory heist. Deming/Juran posit total quality management (TQM) arguing that leading edge advanced manufacturing operational move in collaboration forming a strong connection between the project manager and the technical communicator given X – Y = 0 total emersion of tenets. Hypotheses defines current operations and performance forming a recommendation statement. Accompanied by supporting (U scale and %) the null hypotheses verification tests communication from measuring operational use (U8). Example rating: R13. Specific frameworks analysis, of GEs’ manufacturing supply chain tools, and decision-making strategies to local marketing conditions paralleling EchoStar management focusing on customer need following demand and returns increase and decrease more smoothly and there are no major economies of scale at GE. XY effort delivers radical and incremental business improvements sustainable differentiators in the global business environment. Case Study This essay essential pinpoints academic elements completing case study discusses core. Performed on General Electric (X) and EchoStar (Y), a Hughes Corporation XY Hypotheses (Ho) predicates 99.99 percent assimilation of business process reengineering (BRP) companies charting global communication. Test case determines alternative Ha-H1 necessities measure degrees of implementation recording statistical evidence. Ending recommendation detailing BPR core impact. Case test deploys various advanced operations techniques extensively operating on foreign environments where terms and conditions are conditionally different at home office where U.S. standards have evolved through countless innovations resulted in massively improved performance and significantly lower cost with each technology generation. Creative electric/electronic oriented GE (General Electric) and EchoStar (Hughes Corporation) investigating major performance improvements result in finding recommendations (R1-12). Case develops current parallel statistical advanced operations management charting on performance (See Figures 1-7). Cases illustrate technically relate Hughes (EchoStar) and General Electric detailing BPR (business process reengineering) features determining required design in items affecting thematic strategies. Purpose is to identify shared supply chain characteristic integration implementation of IT (information technology) improving communication advancing operational management understanding of operating multi-function types, products or services offered in XY cases clearly defined Null Hypotheses (Ho) factorials (U scale value and percentages) draw R1-R13 end recommendation. Attached percentages represents design correlations investigate formal Null Hypotheses Ho intra/extra levels working mechanisms in XY’s business strategy typifying (Ui-U10 and %) value chain and the importance in communications association BRP based. Facilities, location(s), and capacity (including corporate headquarters, satellite facilities, warehouses, target markets, etc. provides reader with a general measurement in degrees (U) and organizational performance percentages (%) rule. Test Statistic Definitions: Null Ho: u1: > than H1: u1-10.providing ‘Type two’ conclusion supports investigation findings. Recommendations based on Ho u1: > than H1 – H2 and rejects Hi and H2 Ho sustained improvement implementation of intelligent advanced operational management concludes there is evidence in the following reports BPR delivers radical and incremental business improvements. In Schroeder; Roger. M Rungtusanatham; Johnny Goldstein Susan (2014) article…“ Research study Hypotheses H1-Hxyz presuming U1-U10demonstrates Dr. Demings’ 14 principles paralleling Kanban management’s strategies track XY. Techniques demonstrating impact in Gordon, Edward E. (2015) on information technology (IT) on BPR (business process reengineering) processes illustrate relationships between the two cases in an international operations facility. (Gordon).Skills refine over time as technical communicators have…” taken evidence in H1 probing their critical place in project management. Essay symbol for degree of implementation is Likert notated as U where 1-10 value ascending scale. GE (General Electric) and EchoStar (Hughes Corporation) Case X. GE (General Electric) demonstrate the impact of information technology international operations with goals supporting continued change using TQM developing recommendations resulting logical analysis values two business cases selected: Return on Equity for GE shows (100%) that it is able to reinvest its earnings as efficiently as its competitors are. GE’s capital goods industry rating P/E Ratios is greater than 97% of other comparable company’s theme. Cases follow examples of TPS (Toyota Production System) (3%) incrementally established bases on two BPR concepts carry is clear, concise, and organized for XY (8%). Rated first in competencies in management function in key concepts impact of trends in operations changing business landscape. Strategy with respect to region. Facilities management manufacturing systems question GE’s stewardship and the coming age of take-back operations management strategy critical and manufacturing design (7%). Customer service in low cost regions practices regarding new product growth model for consumer durable manufacturing vs. impact of product life cycle on capacity planning (GE.com (2015)). Simultaneous and dynamic price, establish lean production, inventory and capacity decision effecting closed-loop supply chains performance and uncertainty (U5) functional sales environmentally and economically beneficial through product re-manufacturing organizations try to and reduce inventory impact (10%) from GE (general Electric) managed global location change parallel Hughes EchoStar communications satellite system (H1). Specific frameworks. Analyzes GE’s manufacturing supply chain tools, and decision-making strategies to local marketing conditions focusing on customer need following Biela, M., E. Prater M. Realff. (2007) article defines demand and returns increase and decrease more smoothly and there are no major economies of economies of scale. Contained in Viswanathan (2015) article stating “General Electric and the Norwegian firm Sargas announced today an alliance to make and sell natural gas fired power plants in which 90 percent of the carbon dioxide captured from flue gases and sold for re-injection into the earth for enhanced oil recovery.” A reduction in health costs. First, two plants, consisting of GE's LMS100 aero derivative gas turbines and Sargas's system for scrubbing CO2 from flue gases (diagram above), are to be built on the U.S. Gulf Coast and on the Norwegian coast. A GE-Sargas "clean gas" plant has also been under discussion for Malta. In contrast, U3, in 2008, Walmart.com introduced a new service; site-to-store expression consists a paid membership program that allows customers to get their site-to-store orders faster. Orders can arrive at the (3%) store in less than five business days in Sameer Kumar, Jessica Eidem and Diana Noriega Perdomo (2014) argues general case history. Case Y. Hughes Networks Systems, LLC (HUGHES), (C) 2015 Hughes Network Systems, LLC, is an EchoStar company. Headquartered in Germantown, Maryland, USA, near influential Washington, D.C. and FCC (Federal Communication Commission) connections (See Figures 1-4) attached to business growth. Hughes and HughesNet are registered trademarks and HughesON and JUPITER are trademarks of Hughes Network Systems, LLC global leader in broadband satellite solutions and services, today announced that it has received a silver award as one of the top North American companies in the 2015 Best in Biz Company of the Year Competition. Examining operations found evidence of Lean Tenet (100%) integration, in Echo Star components. TQM conditions (9%) control excess capacity or under-utilized facilities makes the organization seem inefficient force design elements to develop new product development. Hughes and HughesNet are registered trademarks and HughesON and JUPITER are trademarks of Hughes Network Systems, LLC global leader in broadband satellite solutions and services, today announced that it has received a silver award as one of the top North American companies in the 2015 Best in Biz Company of the Year Competition. Examining operations found evidence of Lean Tenet (100%) integration, in Echo Star components. TQM conditions (9%) control excess capacity or under-utilized facilities makes the organization seem inefficient force design elements to develop new product development. Performance debate Examples of H1 search use Google-incubated Kubernetes programs has effected its by causing reinvention of itself, and what does that look like on the ground reacting to an external change method demand forecast sharing strategies. Discusses Hughes Corporation’s EchoStar identifying business planning process for Lean management operation business planning. Investigation explores current Lean Tenets of advanced operational management model processes analyses. Focusing on current its purpose exploring main characteristic of incorporation of the Lean process supporting Ho is greater than H1-2 and therefore supports the Null Hypotheses. Target market (U4). Contrasting market competitor as a tool Google to a 100 year old company Corvette is dominate (7) example “began fostering the belief that this exciting sport could have a positive impact on key aspect of the automotive business” according to Fishel, GM AR (2014). Project planning and changing environments can hurt a company’s short-term profits contrast a down side failure because of no correct management setting in place. General discussion. Improving operational efficiencies seeking fundamental activations implement and supporting from five other relevant articles organization characterize rapid flow of information among different players in the supply chain, change that Schroeder “focuses on research and practices related to operations management to assess standard and innovative practices in manufacturing and service sectors.” Both companies are strong global competitive environment, organizations increase collaboration with its supply chain partners. History. In 1983 and other concepts to classical MRP. By 1989, about one third of the software industry was MRP II software sold to American industry (billwsoftware) contrasting a customer walking into a home improvement store, selects a paint color from the multitude of sample options, and gives the selection to the store employee. Both XY, are automated TQM (total quality management) full research test design investigates Ho influences cognition influence on descriptive, predictive, advanced analytic capabilities in contrasts to implementation of compelling global advanced mfg. intelligence. Intelligence investigates supply-chain in terms of Lean thinking five tenets, 5S, the 5 Whys, in flowing mapping customer demands pulling parts limiting amounts of work-‘standard’ quality cycle (Professor, Gulbro, Argosy, 2015) in- Cases illustrating core cellular/group evolution tenets (SEE Figures 1-7) predicated on value chain strategy. Case design creates a null Ho (Hypotheses o) arguing XY optimal diversity philosophy posit Deming ideas on management needs to change for quality improvement research purpose asks questions measuring quality control influence (Deming)? (U8)-Initial Inventory Conditions: Deming inventory expression (SEE Figure 7). Circumstances U6 is evident in “Ritz Carlton” debut as a product purchasing delivery of customer satisfaction citing the prestigious Malcolm Baldrige national quality judgements McCarter, M. W., Fawcett, S. E., & Magnan, G. M. (2005) “The effect of people on the supply chain world and “people are also crucial.” symbolizes services. Prasad, V. C. S. (2005) forwards “early stages, is a challenging task because of the nature of priorities and the overall dynamics of the environment. They have a product that is late in the product life cycles, or have budgetary constraints”. Paralleling what Park, D., Krishnan, H. A., Chinta, R., Assudani, R., & Lee, M. (2012) posit “framework outline defines” distributions demands contrasts Toyota TPS (Toyota Production System) to quality design conformance. Technology company that has survived the dotcom era or any other company that has lived through a very rapid change in demand forecasting such as what is defined by Kumar, S., Eidem, J., & Diana N. P. (2012) in framing relevance of E-commerce. Forecasting as a major structural cause of the bullwhip effect stated in Barlas, Y., & Gunduz, B. (2011) reviewing various case research application U1-U10 comparing Ho-H2 represent use of BPR system affirming methods. Business strategy. (U6) Strategic business networking (Toyota) TOP alliances .focus on f Park, D., Krishnan, H. A., Chinta, R., Assudani, R., & Lee, M. (2012) posit that “managerial issues consisting of operational research.” Relevant information regarding availability is interdependent on up times as a reliability factor determent in assessing optimal fusion in MTO and BFC models stated in Schroeder; Roger. M Rungtusanatham; Johnny Goldstein Susan (2014) supports research H2. Global location of facilities evident integrated approach to dynamic plant location and capacity planning in Georgiadis, P., Vlachos, D., & Tagaras, G. (2006) responds arguing “features impact on capacity” are dependent on life-cycle loops using Schroeder’s content “Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Materials Resource Planning (MRP)” systems to manage its processes, resources, and operations (4%). Aspects particularly relevant to the BPR approach. Productivity and performance management capacity. Profile management’s perspective of environmental management of operations management, contemporary concepts. Operations management in the supply chain Operations Function. Referencing focus on customer wants and needs C.S., Cheung, C. F., Chu, K. F., Yuk-Chung Chan, Lee, W. B., & Wong, (2015) article stated that “local economic conditions, cultural and demographic differences and variations in store format…” another aspect quality terms in time dimension into quality level for analysis. Forecasting and operational research. Recommend strategies to improve operational efficiencies (5%) and support organizational change operations function in the organizational structure of the company’s organizational function has evolved to keep pace with the changing competitive operations function in the organizational structure operational efficiencies and support organizational change. Organizational change methods evidence in both cases highlighting lean processes and facilities operations of an organization strength and weakness (SWOT) in similar appropriate operational efficiencies framework according to Olsen, J. E., & Martins, L. L. (2012) in recycling waste is a primary target and flow is a general term used to describe processing. Applying appropriate frameworks, posit by Biehl, M., E. Prater M. Realff. (2007) article defines “analytical tools. Decision-making strategies to assess new management operations, within similar Kanban organizations financial reporting…” (U6) improve operational efficiencies and support organizational change understanding competitive and market challenges. Tenets of ISO 9001-2000 (H1-2 characteristics) case scenario. Advanced operational management components challenges dramatic technological innovations (4%) stated in GE.com (2015) is support by Brown, S., Squire, B., & Lewis, M. (2010).article. A diversified infrastructure and financial services company inclusive of rare earth heavy supply chain dependencies global tactical and strategic decisions connections in mfg. organizations. Develops aspects of business demonstrating implementation impact on information technology effectively incremental forecasting. Specifically designed Ha1: as BPR (U1-U10) does not refer to automating poor processes, failure to improve bottom-line. Resulting recommendation represents certain associative percentages scenarios that could trigger negative price changes ask questions regarding implementation. Determine, Ha: U1 not = U10 or Ha: U1 – U10 not = 0% as formulae’s values degree of influence in common to tenets of BPR. U1 is small influence and U10 is total implementation of BRP element. Recommendation bases total accumulation point scale, 1-10 (Likert). Global target location. Product recovery growing strategic management importance of end-of-life product material GE’s recycle of consumer products with different life-cycles and residence indices, using the net present value of total supply chain profit as the measure appropriate assess of performance in developing with re-manufacturing evaluation. BRP consideration are found in GE’s inter-dependencies affecting product design, capacity planning managing manufacturing capacity, (U5) when demand is subject to economics of tire re-manufacturing diffusion, and EchoStar vendor s product design specification. Technical communicators can step into a project manager role using these highly transferable, existing skills” fail to deliver internal failure costs external failure costs 1% content (Gordon). Trend identify significance quality assurances reliability specifications for upper and lower levels of mfg. Rating system measurements Deming and TPS, Lean, first in competencies in management function in key concepts impact of trends in operations changing business landscape. Set good bases for insights into product life cycle including product design, resource and schedule planning, process selection, facilities management. Dissecting aspects in Schroeder; Roger. M Rungtusanatham; Johnny Goldstein Susan (2014). Recommend Strategies (R1-13) Generally, both companies operations profile suggest a re-engineering implementation contains cost assessments to increase global competitive based on key performance research. Avoiding failure in ideal preventive combination of quality design. Put GE’s offshore operations plans in place to manage production capacity process is forecasting ongoing success of the product challenges to manage product life cycles. Increased operational efficiency part of the operational strategy function. R1. Recommend using Little’s Law I = T X R, solve for T: T = I / R = 100 / 5 = 20 Example: Buyer can expect to spend; an average of 20 minutes in line (Schroeder 147). Both case need to utilize Little’s formula in environmental resources stated in Olsen, J. E., & Martins, L. L. (2012) “We have presented a new theory-driven framework by which to organize and better understand DM efforts. (See Figures 1-6). R2. XY share abilities strengths in high tech H1 example to EchoStar is Google’s leads BPR technological advances demonstrates “laboratory results, care plans and other things in Google Glass as they are talking to the patient” flawlessly in R&D perspective (Joint, 2009), “but the Google Glass was a horrifically engineered device” generated a negative responses from expert’s professional’s consultancies. Implementing operations management “there is a dearth of material detailing the impact of sector” shown in Kane, G. C. (2015) applies a review of suggestion for BPR planning in both high tech companies using R&D components (U5) as another case. R3. Monitor BPR changing business environments follows Agrawal, N., & Smith, S. A. (2013 examines legal implications presented by ‘Google Library Project’ allows the dynamic programming formulation, and antitrust issues that will confront contract between Google and the University. Appropriate retrospective framework IT (information technology) processes BPR (business process reengineering). BPR recommendations "Operations Leader box titled “Crédit Suisse: R4. A Successful Process Redesign” for an example of how process flowcharting is being deployed to aid in improving processes." (Schroeder 143) Recent performance simultaneous in a technological comparison Kane, G. C. (2015), sequence is Google algorithm as a reinvention. Google didn't invent Facebook, Facebook as a company strategy profiled in Terauds, A., Doube, J., Mckinlay, J., & Springer, K. (2014). R6. Facilities, location(s), and capacity (including corporate headquarters, satellite facilities, warehouses in U10. Business strategy of products, or services offered preferable to contract or outsource collection and re-manufacturing capacity target markets supply chain effect of environmental parameters in product recover GE’s Six Sigma a characteristics feedback in a dynamic decision-making distribution channels. R7. Generally U9-valued TQM in terms of scientific analysis Toyota (TPS (total production system) demands precise increments defined by acceptable modeling; found in Bayesian inference models (Agrawal, 2013) numerical analyses to generate a long-term differentiation from its competitors dissecting aspects in Schroeder; Roger. M Rungtusanatham; Johnny Goldstein Susan (2014) follows the Schoder text on reliability paralleling the Japanese style Kanban card’s. R8. Six tenets; build Lean/Kanban eliminating Muda waste. Through instructional training formally establishes business actors communicate aspect of open source information formulated big data enhances demanding opportunities in in levels of synergetic structure. R10. BPR design implementations changes vendors due to increased material costs stage in the product life cycle protect its business and manage risking market share therefore, product analyzes cost savings by determining the ROI for one product offered by the company. Both cases use logistics management. IT (information technology) TQM as a sustainable differentiator impact of product lifecycle on capacity planning of closed-loop supply chains with remanufacturing. R11. Application of flexible lean tools for restructuring of manufacturing operations lean competence: Integration of theories in operations management practice. Inventory management for customers with alternative lead times ISO 9000/1994, ISO 9001/2000 and TQM. Following (See Figures 4-6) reassemble Mathews, D. (2007) articles argument formulation leads to a multi-item analogue of the dynamic lot-size model U3-5. R12. XY, Ho verify methods Ui-U10 as global mfg. leaders respectively in broadband satellite/electrical power solutions and services, today unveiled its new HM System, engineered around its novel software-definable modem (SDM) technology and scrambled code multiple access (SCMA) waveform EchoStar a satellite communication company and business entity. Ending case overview assumption stating BRP evidence critically supports Figures 1-7. Discovering XY, standard(s) reveal continuum innovative practices. Testing provided evidence of advantages from BRP implementation. Critical aspects of BPR recommendations dependent on each environment created advanced manufacturing strategies XY organizational profit centers. Reflecting on these finding in case principles exposed BPR evidence as facts relevant to Ho. Corresponding Null suppositions are supported; by rejecting H1-2 as proof and understands calculation within a confidence level Ho:U1 = U2, and Ho: U1 – U2 = 0 null Ho is accepted Ha and H1 are rejected. References Argosy University (2015). B7532: Module 1-7. Retrieved from www.myeclassonline.com Barlas, Y., & Gunduz, B. (2011). Demand forecasting and sharing strategies to reduce fluctuations and the bullwhip effect in supply chains. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 62(3), 458-473. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.2010.188 Bhaskaran, S. (1998). Simulation analysis of a manufacturing supply chain. Decision Sciences, Biehl, M., E. Prater M. Realff. 2007. Assessing performance and uncertainty in developing carpet reverse logistics systems Brown, S., Squire, B., & Lewis, M. (2010). The impact of inclusive and fragmented operations strategy processes on operational performance. International Journal of Production Research, 48(14), 4179. (EBSCO AN: 50652341) http://search.ebscohost.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bsh& AN=50652341&site=ehost-liv GE.com (2015). The GE Store - Mix and Match http://www.ge.com/investor-relations/investor-services/personal- investing/annual-reports. Choren, A. (2015). The importance of communication in the workplace. Potentials, IEEE, 34(3), 10-11. doi:10.1109/MPOT.2014.2331793 Kane, G. C. (2015). How digital transformation is making health care safer,faster and cheaper. MIT Sloan Management Review, 57(1), 0. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1719450633? accountid=34899 Fishel, Herbert A (2014). GM AR 2014 http://www.gm.com/content/dam/gmcom/COMPANY/Investors/Stock Georgiadis, P., Vlachos, D., & Tagaras, G. (2006). The impact of product lifecycle on Capacity planning of closed-loop supply chains with remanufacturing. Production and Operations Management, 15(4), 514–527. 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Assessing knowledge assets: Knowledge audit of a social service organization in Hong Kong. Administration in Social Work, 34(4), 361-383. doi:10.1080/03643107.2010.51284329(3), 633–657. (ProQuest Document ID: 198066340) http://search.proquest.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/docview/198066340?accountid=34 899 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, 1995., 1995 IEEE, , 3 1786-1790 vol.3. doi:10.1109/NSSMIC.1995.501931 Mathews, D. (2007). Google Yourself. Industry Week/IW, 256(9), 39. McCarter, M. W., Fawcett, S. E., & Magnan, G. M. (2005). The effect of people on the supply chain world: Some overlooked issues. Human Systems Management, 24(3), 197– 208. http://libproxy.edmc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct =true&db=bth&AN=18898844&site=ehost-live Minton, G. (2010). Lessons in Distribution. Mortgage Banking, 70(6), 82. Neureuther, B. D., & Kenyon, G. N. (2004). Quality improvement under budgetary and life cycle constraints. The Quality Management Journal, 11(2), 21-32. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/213612571?accountid=34899 Olsen, J. E., & Martins, L. L. (2012). Understanding organizational diversity management Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1168-1187. doi:10.1002/job.1792Ozimek, J. F. (2012). Legal update. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 19(1), 71-75. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/dbm.2012.7 Park, D., Krishnan, H. A., Chinta, R., Assudani, R., & Lee, M. (2012). Elephant and samurai: Differences between Indian and Japanese supply chain management. Journal of Managerial Prasad, V. C. S. (2005). An approach to quality management at the early stages of new product development using technology adoption life-cycle concepts. Software Quality Professional, 7(4), 27-33. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/214069493?accountid=34899 PR Newswire, (10:00 AM ET 12/2/15). Hughes Wins Silver Award in 2015 Best in Biz Competition. http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnvar/20110112/NE29456LOGO Schroeder. Operations Management in the Supply Chain: Decisions and Cases, 6th Edition. [VitalSource Bookshelf Online]. Retrieved from Terauds, A., Doube, J., Mckinlay, J., & Springer, K. (2014). Using long-term population trends of an invasive herbivore to quantify the impact of management actions in the sub antarctic. Polar Biology, 37(6), 833-843. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-014- 1485y Toyota Production System (2015). A production system. © 1995-2015 Toyota Motor Corporation. All Rights Reserved Vaas, L., Charny, B., & Nobel, C. (2006). UPDATE. Eweek, 23(10), 12.tomograph in 3D mode. Figures Figure 1. Methods of going downstream with some examples Source: own edition Figure 2. Methods of going downstream with some examples Source: own edition Figure 1 Complete reconfiguring the customers’ needs. Then the critical processes, many of which cut across org complete reconfiguring the customers’ needs. Then the critical processes, many of which cut across organizations boundaries, are analyzed in detail using the methods described in this chap- ter. Changes are often made to these processes as a result of the insight from process-flow analysis. These changes might include eliminating some steps and combining others, or could be as extreme a complete re-configuration. Boundaries analyze in detail using the methods described in this chapter Yan (2015). Figure 2. Changes in Operational Management Figure 2, Environment taken into consideration as well. The age when a company could be successful only by efficient working methods without considering external factors is over. Good relations with the partners is utmost important. The company has to be able to manage its operation network well; the entire system must operate smoothly and quickly. To succeed an appropriate corporate culture should be developed, as well as hard to copy core competencies focus since the beginning of the 1900s Figure 3 Higher Level Flow Chart Figure 3: 1-page, off a high-level flowchart representing processes of 10 activities in a clear, concise, and organized demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution purchasing operations, outsource delivery Lean tenets in the push-pull system. Figure 4. Conceptual Model Flow Figure 4: Teamwork, Process Managerial guidelines, flow managerial tools, Obstacles throughout the overall GE’s SCM process, guarantee increasingly effective and efficient SCM results in the long-run product profitability. Figure 5 SCM Planning Scheme Figure 5: Notes that approaches in the literature. In facilitating core competence Parry, G., Mills, J., & Turner, C. (2010) one touch system utilization of Japanese Gemba mapping lean enterprise operations, benefit environmental understanding supply chain management tool reveals waste resources, assets and technologies employed in the Figure 6. High Level Flow Chart Figure 6: Needs reliable research to identify limitations/implications. Therefore, development of financial Lean Tenets form SCM aspects designed planning for strategic decisions organizational effective determining the success of it employee’s, company products, customer satisfaction, the company’s ability to fight competition, and its overall growth. Hughes demonstrates the global use f Lean operations information implementation. Figure 7 Formula Inventory Expression “x'_{i}(0)=x'_{i0} i=1,...,J Dynamics: x'_{i}(t+1)=x'_{i}(t)+z_{i}(t)-d'_{i}(t)-\sum_{j\epsilon Suc(i)}z_{j}(t+L'_{ij}-1)t=0,...,T-1,i=1,...,J Constraints: x'_{i}(t)\geq0 t=1,...,T,i=1,...,J z_{i}(t)\geq0 t=0,...,T-1,i=1,...,J Objective: min \sum_{i}\sum_{t=0}^{T-1}\left[ k_{i}(t)\delta(z_{i}(t)) + c_{i}(t)z_{i}(t) \right]+\sum_{i}\sum_{t=1}^{T} h'_{i}(t)x'_{i}(t).” Figure 7. In general, capacity planning is a strategic, long-term operational decision in which an organization has to balance current and anticipated future needs with capital and investment costs. Inventory includes raw material and resource inventory, work-in-process inventory, and finished inventory. Depending upon the supply chain structure, inventory can also include inventory of finished goods sitting in the distribution channel.

DQ1 M8_A1 Roy Combs Argosy University B7442 with Dr. Tvorik as instructor exceeded my expectations in its analysis of the current market in a global review of theories concepts created a new tool for take away value with the intent to use these new skills in my profession. Strategy of marketing reveal the four p’s of price, place, promotion and product placement can increase market share by a substantial cost effective rate of return. The strategic placement of products with cleaver objectives is a tool of target marketing planning new product development have key learning points and effective decision strategy. New product development as a part of R&D is a focus on consumer wants and needs or determining the disposition of market forces first movers increases competition in a segmented is a cycle and has maturity stages that should be part of the market strategies to know when to adjust price to the market maturity. This course has assisted in understanding the framework complex in digital marketing forces in an environment of ambiguity. Critical factors where covered with focus on critical factors in case examples such as Coke and Pepsi marketing competition and the cost of competition intelligences. The importance of differential advertising and the core advantages of consumer choice in price and quality branding on scales of economies provide strong evidence of the power of consumer in a competitive market explored intrinsically and extrinsically consumer persuasion’s. In Winer’s text gives a description of the concept of the ‘iceman rights’ as a situation where the last gets a monopoly strategy practices. In a changing competitive market environment draws on a social identifications as a categorical consistency. Driven by the assimilation with effective disassociations influencing market properties where products identification theory affect brand cognition in either a positive or negative response as a driving force of strategic marketing powers effects of changes. Consumer’s position in the market has been changed touch points where ID marketing influencing as in the case of Coke verse Pepsi challenge using self-identification of out-group to push customers and pull companies into the marketing vortex in a compulsory model. The factors of markets are measurements of strengths and weakness determined in branding studies, which are then used to testing social theories in a particular market segment. Test defines natural products groups’ comparative of products symbolic branding influences. As example the ISS (Institutional Shareholders Services) is an advocate in multigenerational marketing diversity as a measurement of qualitative market psychology following the traditions of Flechner and Weber’s methods of measuring human behavior providing cognitive planning as in the Dephi system forecasting and Z-Met predict consumer attitudes and preferences much like Nielson Rating define creative innovation mind sets. The consumer, is affected by the advertising or promotional strategies practices

Think of the following questions as you write your reflections: Thinking about writing and reflecting on W7000 purpose and resolve is a perspective conjuring the past eight weeks in the format and stylization of dissertation fashion. An island in itself; the work in W7000 has, a quality all its own. Comparing this work to other writing classes clearly defines this experience as a unique in its purpose. Intending to demonstrate the necessities of what is the formable and current standards at AUO. These are AUO’s policies, and procedures for crafting the impending requirement of the Doctoral Dissertation. The structure instruction about the means and manner of use regarding designing frame and reframing scenarios encircling concepts, which provide a useful tool to parenthetically chisel at the rocks as a stone mason toiling at a effigy, or the case of early scribe etching cuneiform; a crude information technology. Using these techniques to produce a professional communication is exciting to have finished the work and then have the tools in verified condition is meaningful and relevant to the art and science of critical writing. Breaking the structure of these elements has revealed many ideas about mapping outlines and first draft editing that willing aid in production of future communication and there is a formidable knowledge of what is expected in forth coming work. The skills of working up a written piece that fully complies too academic standards is a necessary step in focusing on the AUO procedure, which has its particular demand regarding style and format. The research work was demanding and using the library and tutorial service gave an added dimension to the course work along with citation demands specification of APA polished to some extent concepts in a presentable form. The course work is a necessary precursor to the development of dissertation work without this course the student would be clueless as to the standard policy and format preferences. This has a direct impact on the language and terminology use; which is required for placing information in a dissertation format. This is n continuing process of increasing abilities by using these tools to develop information designed to embellish the process. The art of gathering information is a process of cataloging and retrieval of material and the techniques presented in W7000 course was a great help in improving these skills. The annotation process is a mean of storing information in a coherent style addition to the bibliography as a helpful tool of using other peoples work tracking the events in a journal is providing additional information that can be accessed for use. Example: Practicability’s of student success, is in this example predicated on a preformed ideas or group think subjective sampling. Rainbow as a concept effectively connection explores refining investigative researching principles (Creswell's example of a 'Rainbow Bridge’ metaphor, and Gardner's theory regarding the multiplicities of human intelligence) reasoning behind Creswell's research. The concept entails two variables in a traditional framework: Defining theoretical characteristics: working model developed on theories dependencies Bridging temporal order: bands influencing as pay grade, authority Measurements: survey of percentages descriptive statistics Resulting from scientific observations (Creswell, 2008) provides illuminating evidence by constructing a time line as a means of ordering a systemic coherent review. As part of this effort logical orders forming a reader system. In assessing variables it’s necessary to: Become more efficient with time Order tracking Data bases This provides a method for mapping measurements in a defining meaning Creswell structures suggest methods that deal with the particular studies data variables in chronological orders similar to Aristotle categorical dispositions of nature (BCE) are similar sets standards used by researchers for finding natural properties viewed, and recording behavior to add historical perspective to the research. In the case if preparing journal and annotated bibliographies enhanced the body of information providing a substantial frame work as a base reference point. This increase the clear understanding of the material by reflecting on the journal and bibliographic work on this activity. The doctoral student may benefit from additional access to other library system and seamless access to other universities with more focus on business regarding the major work. The course could be improved by having additional instructors and grouping student into theme teams and additional seamless access to information through these libraries could provide a wider scope of information. The challenges were research and placing the contents on formation with requirement in the confines of analyzing and synthesizing material in academic processes designed to increase the students learning abilities had a positive effect on my skill set and a greater respect for plagiarism albeit the APA. References Argosy University online library resources. Retrieved from https://digitalbookshelf. Aragon, N. (2015). Personal Communications on April 12, 2015. Argosy University (2015). Article Critique Checklist. Retrieved April 26, 2015 from Argosy University Online Class: Advanced Academic Study & Writing | W7000 A01: Document Sharing Folder. American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological American Psychological Association (2015). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th Ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Creswell, John W, (213). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4th Edition. SAGE Publications, Inc., 2013. VitalBook file. Dr. Smith, Sharon (2015). Interview Doctoral Student. AUO Fink, Arlene. Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From the Internet to Paper, 3rd Edition. SAGE Publications, Inc., 2009. VitalBook file. Fink, A. (2010). “Conducting Research Literature Reviews from the Internet to Paper, 3rd Edition.” Reviewing the Literature & Searching and Screening: Methodological quality. Nordquist, R. (2015). Academic Writing. Retrieved April 26, 2015 http://grammar.about.com/od/ab/g/academicwritingterm.htm. Pan, M. L. (2008). Preparing literature review: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (3rd ed.). Glendale, CA: Pyrczak. Share your perspective about scholarly language and terminology. How will you increase your command of language and terminology suited to your discipline? Will you need to develop some structure or discipline to assist you? Describe your process for completing annotations and journal article critiques. How has your process changed? Think of the approximate amount of time you spent on each assignment. Did that improve with time? Describe, discuss, and assess your critical writing and thinking skills. Provide concrete examples as relevant. Have you noticed any change(s) since you began your doctoral program? Describe your experience in seeking, identifying, reading, analyzing, and synthesizing the various academic resources and journal articles. What worked well and what were the challenges? What have you learned about writing a literature review that will help you in writing future papers? What did you find useful about this course and what recommendations do you have for making the course more meaningful and relevant for doctoral students? Submit your reflections to the Discussion Area by Tuesday, April 28, 2015. Review and comment on the work of others through the end of Module 8.

. Question: Creswell (2008) described the theoretical framework as a rainbow bridging the dependent and independent variables and providing an overarching explanation of how and why the independent variable predicts the dependent variable. These two variables framework are defining theoretical characteristics of bridging temporal order and measurements resulting from scientific observations (Creswell, 2008) constructing a time line as a means of ordering in a logical order system. .In assessing variables it becomes necessary to become more efficient with time order tracking data bases provides a method for caring for the measurements in a defining means. Creswell structures methods that deal with the particular studies data variables in chronological orders similar to Aristotle categorical dispositions of nature (BCE) sets a standard for natural properties in viewing and recording behavior defining the problematic cause of action carefully recording details in a qualitative sense observation in dependent and independent variables on standard research formats. This method of management follows the changes and contrast the dependent and independent variables sing the natural progressions of left to right time scale provides a visual of early, present and future events as they address the research question. The use of theory is a standard acceptable as in Creswell's example of a 'Rainbow Bridge' metaphor, and Gardner's theory regarding the multiplicities of human intelligence in objectively connecting researchers study categorically positioning data in a rational structure (Creswell). The origin of this is to track influences on the principle subject matter is a scientific rational strategies mapping out the values of what is cause and affect surrounding the study. A rainbow is a extremely valuable natural event that is dependent on the weather conditions in an ordered visually expression vivid colors it as a big picture; which in this text has been observed, by most intelligent research, and academically provides in this case, a common event in a natural setting is a topic which contains Creswell's metaphors as a bridge connecting cause and effect actions typographically renders a geometrical arc spanning the bridge of actions over a time period as a instructional strategy in relation to functional stereotypical in using variables separating independence from the depend influences per se' all inclusive of observational components. Practicabilities of student success is in this example predicated on a premise devised to assert a foundational conceptual framework on a universal premise that is logically flawed by the facilities of attaching a universal property to a independent variable is illogically and is know as a argument of coloring issues with a big paint brush. In this case it is a rainbow that critical associations type cast the subject matter as a flowing saga of the rainbow in an argumentative statement use metaphor for integrating ideologies, into rational justifying mainstream functions as a connection to framework is placing one variables action as its number value is unaware, of cause and effect purposeful deductive change is not certain. The bifurcation in a false dilemma is a variable at each end of the rainbow given an option where one is determined as a contrast to a complex question as in a universal system such as the rainbow innocently cast in a big picture is a willing subject restricting options of bifurcation is simplistic enhanced by Gardner's theory bates the question assuming presumptions in a circular argument of merit however it has a level of problematic risk as inductive suppositions are not certain impacting rates of infrastructural success is only in theory. A simplistic topical map constructed based on variables is a theoretical foundation in a relational condition dependent and independent on investigation seeks to exam support of theoretical claims 'that students success'; and the rainbow are related in a universal premise. Multiple intelligences success are similar this allegorically position may have a connection but it as an inductive argument falls short of certainty and is therefore illogical constructed may be true, but not certain further explaining in very simplistic terms, and considering Creswell’s rainbow metaphor above, if the dependent variable at one end of the rainbow is student success in learning and the independent variable at the other end is types of educational practices used in the classroom, Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences could be the rainbow arc used by the researcher as a possible explanation of how one variable predicts the other. The theory could be used to connect the two variables using the rationale of instructional strategies addressing the multiple learning styles causing an impact on success of student learnin References Creswell, John W.. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4th Edition. SAGE Publications, Inc, 2013. VitalBook file. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4th Edition. [VitalSource Bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://digitalbookshelf.argosy.edu/books/9781483345840/outline/3http:/ /digitalbookshelf.argosy.edu/bo oks/9781483345840/outline/3.

W7000_M4_A2 Collated Interviews Roy Combs Argos University Author Note All material taken from the W7000 A01 course work. Abstract Interviews information take for the specific purpose of gathering pertaining to Doctor Business Administration and dissertation principles and concepts. Writing Doctoral Dissertation My original topic was War and Peace in an Atomic Age and this was further reduced to just the Atomic Age. After researching and review several pieces of literature the operational aspect of how and why the AA was precised as a critical to the defense and slowly became industrial as private and public enterprises came together in efforts to utilize the energy aspects of Atomic Age and devices ranging from power plants to shipping and other inventions. Dr. Ruth's Dissertation centered around finding aspects of Linear and Nonlinear thinking style using over 100 research articles to investigated the quaantative properties styles. Dr. Smith research was centerd on hysical Training and the leadership characterstics gaining subject interviews in a qualitative mixed series of selected study subjects. This area has a great interest in y personal goals and fits well into the on going investigations surrounding energy devices as I have been a 30 year member of the Institute of Electrical, Electronic Engineers for 30 years which has been accompanied by jobs related to defense and some nuclear parts. I have also spent one year as an X-Ray student close to nuclear and ultra sound devices. I have interviewed two different Doctoral Dissertation candidates as follows: Dr. Ruth J. Holden Interview 1.What was your research topic for your dissertation? Linear and Nonlinear thinking style 2.How did you arrive at this topic? An interest in creativity and non-conventional wisdom 3.How long did it take you from start to finish? 8 months 4.How did you gather your resources? I found my topic early in my course work and organized it and build on it – stay organized throughout the course work. 5.How many references did you have? Over 100 6.How did you deal with books you reviewed vs. journal articles? Nothing different really except to note the chapters of the book I read with post it – so I would know which chapter to reference if I had not read the whole book. 7.How many documents did you read? Hahahaha…I can’t even imagine! 8.Was your research qualitative or quantitative? quantitative 9.What was the role of the committee chair and the committee members? They tell you when you are track, focus your work on something meaningful and help get you done! 10.How did you choose your members? I left it up to the Dr. Noone – she did great 11.What assisted you most towards completion (skills)? Love of topic and research, as well as, a really good research project that would product meaningful results. 12.What was your biggest challenge? At first I was not really aware of the pace at which I could attack the dissertation, I remained at the same pace as the course work, until it dawn on me that I could set my own pace. 13.Did you ever want to quit? NO 14.Do you have any recommendations? Pick a topic you like, it does not need to be earth shattering, keep it simple, do not over complicate it and get it done. Dr. Sharon Smith Interview 1. Roy, Dr. Why did you select the Physical Training as a topic for your dissertation? I wanted to interview a select group of trainers and investigate the leadership qualities. 2. Did you discover any new feature about leadership in the PT (Physical Training) profession Yes, I found that they were scalable values in the organizational framework which influenced efficiencies. 3. Did you use the Likart Scale to categorize dependent variables? No, I found that a transcript- ed labeling worked better in identifying the traditional aspects values in the psychological components. 4. You said you used contact analysis to find leadership value in the profession. Can you elaborate? On that point? The variable are in the background of the research study focus on the leadership qualities. 5. What are the qualifying factors important research and writing a dissertation. Yes, the commitment is a very important point in starting out on the journey and I found that the second Residency was important. Meeting the full Doctors and talking about your dissertation leads to self confidence and focus. 6. PT certification and practicing in the field is what you studied. Can you comment on your findings? I found a lot of intervening variable that cause poor leadership and client proficiencies some leading to personal injuries and client neglect. There is a lack of regulation and training at all levels. 7. When will you receive your official scroll and make the walk as you out it? I will be receiving it at the commencement on June 14, in Dallas, Texas. I started my topic and stayed with it until the finish where I have been excited all along help to complete the task. 8. Was your research qualitative, quantitative or mixed? I was q qualitative study that included some mixture of other type of interviewing and categorization defining PT objectives. 9. What were some of the point that motivated you? I knew what I wanted association with the parent interview about the care of the child. 10. What were some of the dependent variables? Parents and behavioral background of the subjects had larger influences than selection of PT and client as part of a rational. 11. Can you offer me any recommendations? Select a topic you love to live with and schedule in planning event with your subjects. This purpose concludes in demonstrating personal focus exhibited in these two main candidates questioning their dissertation efforts discovered evidence that researching discusses pin pointing issues. Identification of variable regarding initial planning is critical in both interview cases. Framework and hypotheses on critical rational using a manageable time frame to work within as a goal setting measure in terms of realistic using resources available. The research topic of AA (Atomic Age) is the central idea behind the research. To further reduce the topic the properties in management that historically operated the organization functions of the AA and its various bureaucracies provide a framework in theories that directed the course of actions. References Dr. Ruth J. Holden (2015). Interview Dr. Sharon Smith (2015). Interview

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A major reason or purpose for writing is to persuade readers to accept your opinion or adopt a proposed course of action. Consider the following scenario: You are watching a popular singing competition on TV with your two younger siblings (who are seven and twelve years old) when a sexually provocative lingerie ad airs. You are furious because you find the ad inappropriate for a program that caters to younger viewers. Write a letter to the TV network with the goal of convincing network executives that it was inappropriate to air this ad while young children could be watching. Also, propose a call for action, such as changing the program’s air time or content rating. Adjust your word choice to fit your audience, situation, and purpose. March 22, 2015 CCC TV Network 111 Five Avenue Suit 1 NY, NY, 12345 Roy Combs 11 Argosy Dr. L.A. CA. 99999 To Whom It May Concern,     The shows advertisement is far overreaching the legal limits set by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission Act of 1998) limiting sexual relationships in broadcast that are rated as family viewing or  R rating.  It was shocking to my family while viewing the show we regularly watch together and have enjoyed the programing since it aired several years back. I have a problem watching the singing competition your broadcasting as its content is insulting my seven and twelve year old, and family household in general.  My family consists of two lovely siblings ages seven and 12 years of age much too young to be subjected to the type of sexual innuendos suggested. The popular singing competition should not use sexually oriented advertising, as it violates the R rating codes enacted in 1999. I have a problem watching the singing competition your broadcasting as its content is insulting my seven and twelve year old, and family household in general.  My family consists of two lovely siblings ages seven and 12 years of age much too young to be subjected to the type of sexual innuendos suggested. The popular singing competition should not use sexually oriented advertising, as it violates the R rating codes enacted in 1999. However it is sad state of affairs when our family is forced to switch channels due to unacceptable content.  Content revealing unconventional body exposures followed by suggestive sexual relationships between the actors is not going to be allowed in this house.  My wife and I have decided to restrict the program until we can be assured that our family including the children that we are as parents have a duty to protect from salacious material such as the sexually explicit advertisements that have recently been accompanying the TV program. The letter is asking CCC Network to stop showing sexually explicit  is far to reveal seven and twelve year old, much too invasive for any of my siblings.   The shock resulting from seeing the advertisement has caused distrust and troubling disturbance as a result of what CC Network is broadcasting contains inappropriate content for under age viewers. The show has been a family favorite for a long time, but because of the ew advertising sexually explicit content our family will not be watching your show any longer as we have concluded that its advertisements have a damaging effect on the sibling and can not is any moral sense allow our children to view the show.  However, if the advertising content is changed to comply with the FCC Act’s, which regulate content for sexually content, which in this case, has had a negative impact  resulting from what we have seen. The experience has been to a degree damaging from a social point of view and we respectfully ask if CC network could let us know if advertising on this R rate program will exclude advertisements such as the lingerie showing sexually explicit scenes?   Please let us know what your response is to the inappropriate sexual content. This family has enjoyed your show, but as I have stated we can not allow the recent sexual content in our household, because of our siblings ages. Best Regards Roy Combs CCC Network Audience

Market Systems Roy Combs Argosy University 10/28/2014 Author Note Information is academic in its intent to complete Table-1-2 and Figure's 1-4. Abstract Primary formulas define differences measured as a M3A2 MR = MC Rule. Tables and Figures are in the back under Tables and Figures. Equations are TFC, TVC, in TC = TFC + TVC and AFC = TFC / Quantity AVC = TFC / Q and AVC = TVC / Q and ATC = TC / Q MC = Change in TC / Change in Q Key words: marginal cost, monopoly, price maker, profit maximizing, competitive market, profits' Assignment M3A2 The MC=MR Rule The principles of MC (Marginal Cost) = MR (Marginal Revenue) rule is n effect starting at the unit of extra additional costs for that unit. Every unit after that is from MC = change in TC /divided by change in quantity when it equals MR (Marginal Revenues) structured within concepts that contemporize markets hold explicitly and implicitly act on as assumptions. Market structure Market structure benefits in limited liability corporation which has restricting relationships to cost plus and is structured as MC (Marginal Cost). Because benefits suggest production quantities it functions by measuring MC = MB. It acts as key indicator defining production balance and equilibrium. Decisions regarding expanding, or reducing production on factors and conditions dependent on price and quantities that firm average cost base on marginal averages. The following list several architectural marketing structures models formalizing public and private combinations of: Monopoly Oligopoly Pure Competition Pure monopoly All of these structures are dependent on price output on averages and marginal production directly proportional to units of labor cost divisions. In a capacity case example involving 'Long run' monopolies profits earnings 'normal profits'. In contrast short run production can capitalizes on price and quantities or imbalances in markets to set prices. A break-even point is a determining market forces, as predetermined properties. Why MC=MR Rules apply MB and MC curves are equal averages of normal profits are indications measurements comparing cost factors of social worth. The chart in Figure 1 expresses descriptive shifts dependent on price variations controlled in a normal perfect market. The chart in Figure 2 expresses descriptive shifts in a market with few barriers. It was noted, by Jane O'Sullivan's (2012) article that assessments using mathematical formulas specifically pin point capacities defining results categorically over time span and unit cost are factors seen in the MC = MR in short run profit maximization of assets. Industries form structures modeled on oligopoly, monopoly and pure competition vary regarding market environments determining the elastic curves characteristics. The indicator describes properties of price compared to output. Maximizing Profits or losses output measures the condition in relation to specializing firms' purpose in a normal pure competitive market and the accounting profits as a key in decisions effectively working in a pure competitive model taking prices established by political and industry ideas. Maximizing profits or losses output measures the condition in relation to firms' purpose o in a normal pure competitive market. Government intervention Controlling competitive system structures inn all case these regulation component tax. Creating a modified monopoly by imposing 'ceiling/floors' the agriculture markets is a primary example of imposing MSB (Marginal Social Benefits) forces. In certain market conditions as such are price driven, i.e. (WWII had command control derived from U.S. Congress to Presidential powers defending Pearl Harbor attack on U.S.) from political monopolies fixing prices, include explicit and implicit cost subsidies. In support of these concepts' Gulzari Babber's article states that business developments rely on costing systems for information about spending efficiencies and when costs fall below the MB is an indictor that profits are not sustainable. Firm in pure competition A 'Firm'' in pure competition is a “price taker” and are not in control of unit prices rather they are considered, 'taker' of the market price in a large broad based market. The business major objective of profit is to reach the 'break-even point seen in Figure 3 supply units (pg 155). The market price is what the 'price taker' conditions calls for, and the producer must adjust to price. A competitive firm must accept the price and manufacture accordingly if they choose to sell in the market at the dictated price (Mcconnell, 2013). The chart is in Figure 1. Marginal Revenue, shown in pg. 12. Profit maximizing (or loss minimizing) output Table-2 P/L (see Figure 2, pg 10). As seen in Figure 2., the breakeven point was on the second unit and the fixed cost per unit provide super profits at that rate of production output, as the loss are minimal. Economic profits, Joseph’s Farms, Inc. This is a case profile of 'super normal profits' are shown on the graphing in Figure 2. Indicating there are more buyers and fewer sellers in general for LR/SR (Long Run/Short Run) production cost operating in a normal open competitive market. Graphed data in column 10 of Table-1 (See Figure 1.) (Marginal revenue) Figure 1. Marginal Revenue (pg. 11) Price, total revenue Profit or loss data for output level ranging, 0 to 10 in Table-2, pg. 10, uses data from Table-1. (See Table 1, pg.8 and 9) Calculated break-even output Levels (break-even point) for Joseph’s Farms, Inc. used data in Table-2, pg. 10. Showed calculations at about one and one half units: $165 X 2 units = 238, and minus TC = MR ($165) or at one and half units. A firm can 'Break even' at a point in which MC = MR and cost are adjusted in marginal figures in as Point (dots) in Figure 3 shown in Appendices Figure 3 page 13. References Babber, Gulzari (2013). Integrated reporting and sustainability go hand in hand. Financial Management. Dec2012/Jan2013, p3- 3. 1p. 1 Color Photograph. O'Sullivan, Jane N. aaaaaaa92012). The Burden of Durable Asset Acquisition in Growing Populations. Economic Affairs. Feb2012, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p31-37. 7p. 1 Chart, 3 Graphs. http://libproxy.edmc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&d b=bth&AN=71241755&site=ehost- live. Mcconnell, Campbell (20120. Microeconomics, Brief Edition. McGraw-Hill Learning Solutions, 2009. VitalBook file. Argosy University. http://digitalbookshelf.argosy.edu/books/007-7376986/id/ch0 Tables Table 1. MC = MB Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6 Column 7 Column 8 Column 9 Column 10 Column 11 Output Level Price per unit Total Fixed Cost Total Variable Cost Total Cost Average Fixed Cost Average Variable Cost Average Total Cost Marginal Cost Marginal Revenue Total Revenue 0 $ - NA 1 $165.00 $125.00 $ 113.00 $238.00 $125.00 $113.00 $238.00 $238.00 $165.00 $165.00 2 $165.00 $125.00 $ 213.00 $378.00 $62.50 $106.50 $189.00 $140.00 $165.00 $330.00 3 $165.00 $125.00 $ 300.00 $341.00 $41.66 $100.00 $116.00 $37.00 $165.00 $495.00 4 $165.00 $125.00 $ 375.00 $406.00 $31.25 $93.75 $93.75 $65.00 $165.00 $660.00 5 $165.00 $125.00 $ 463.00 $488.00 $25.00 $92.60 $92.60 $82.00 $165.00 $825.00 6 $165.00 $125.00 $ 563.00 $283.83 $20.83 $93.88 $93.83 $205.00 $165.00 $990.00 7 $165.00 $125.00 $ 675.00 $683.00 $17.85 $96.42 $97.57 $400.00 $165.00 $1,155.00 8 $165.00 $125.00 $ 813.00 $828.62 $15.62 $103.57 $101.62 $145.62 $165.00 $1,320.00 9 $165.00 $125.00 $ 975.00 $988.88 $13.88 $108.33 $108.33 $160.27 $165.00 $1,485.00 10 $165.00 $125.00 $ 1,163.00 $1,175.50 $12.50 $117.55 $116.35 $186.82 $165.00 $1,650.00 Table 2. P/L Table-2: Joseph Farms, Inc., Revenue/Profit/Loss Data Output Level Price Total Revenue Total Costs from Table 1 Loss or Profit 0 1 $165.00 $165.00 $238.00 $(165.00) 2 $165.00 $330.00 $189.00 $330.00 3 $165.00 $495.00 $116.00 $495.00 4 $165.00 $660.00 $93.75 $660.00 5 $165.00 $825.00 $92.60 $825.00 6 $165.00 $990.00 $93.83 $990.00 7 $165.00 $1,155.00 $97.57 $1,155.00 8 $165.00 $1,320.00 $101.62 $1,320.00 9 $165.00 $1,485.00 $108.33 $1,485.00 10 $165.00 $1,650.00 $116.35 $1,650.00 Figures Figure 1. Marginal Cost Figure 2. Breakeven Figure 3 AFC Figure 1. Average Fixed Cost curve AFC = Total Fixed Cost / Quantity. Figure 4. Total Cost = Total Revenues